Ugetsu Monogatari (Tales of Moonlight and Rain), published by Ueda Akinari in 1776, contains the story Kikka no chigiri (The Chrysanthemum Vow). Akana Sōemon promises his friend Samon to return on the day of the Chrysanthemum Festival, the ninth day of the ninth month.
Held captive in his home domain, he cannot leave. On the promised day, he kills himself, and his spirit returns to keep the promise.