Anyone who wants to fish in Bavaria needs a Fischereischein, a fishing license. To get one, the angler must pass the state Fischerprüfung, the fishing exam. The preparatory course lasts at least 30 hours. The exam takes 60 minutes and has 60 questions. A candidate who gets more than a quarter of them wrong fails. In Lower Saxony, anyone who takes on a first dog after July 1, 2013, needs a Sachkundenachweis, proof of expert knowledge. The owner passes a theory test before getting the dog and a practical test within the first year. Only recognized examiners may hold the tests. The hunting exam is popularly called the grünes Abitur, the green high-school diploma.