In his first Independence Day speech, on August 15, 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave Indian industry a slogan. “Your policy should be ‘zero defect, zero effect’,” he said, in the words of the Press Trust of India.
On October 18, 2016, Modi launched the ZED certification scheme. When a ZED drive for small enterprises was launched in April 2022, “more than 1800 MSMEs had already registered and taken the ZED pledge” within a few hours, the Free Press Journal reported.