In 1946, the political scientist Maruyama Masao published the essay Chōkokka shugi no ronri to shinri (The Logic and Psychology of Ultranationalism). A Japanese biographical dictionary sums up one of its points. Maruyama identified the musekinin taikei, the system of irresponsibility, of Japanese-style fascism and the emperor-system state.
An encyclopedia lists this essay and Gunkoku shihaisha no seishin keitai (The Mentality of the Militarist Rulers) among the analyses he published right after the war. It notes that they had a large influence on Japanese thought.