The Colonel at Kunduz

On 4 September 2009 a German colonel, Georg Klein, ordered an airstrike near Kunduz in Afghanistan. Up to 142 people were killed or injured, among them civilians. The exact number of dead was never established. In April 2010 the Federal Prosecutor General ended the investigation against Klein and a sergeant. The prosecutor did not judge the result. He judged what Klein knew when he gave the order. Der Beschuldigte Klein durfte davon ausgehen, dass keine Zivilisten vor Ort waren. The accused Klein was entitled to assume that no civilians were present. The decision states the rule: Auch bei der nach Völkerrecht zu treffenden Prüfung ist die Perspektive des Angreifenden zur Tatzeit zugrunde zu legen. Under international law too, the test takes the attacker’s perspective at the time of the act.

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