The Nyaya Sutras set out an argument in five steps. Pratijna: this hill is fiery. Hetu: because it is smoky. Udaharana: whatever is smoky is fiery, as is a kitchen and unlike a lake. Upanaya: so is this hill. Nigamana: therefore, this hill is fiery.
The same text names three kinds of debate. Vada is debate. Jalpa is disputation. Vitanda is destructive criticism.