In 2012, the historian José Alfredo Gómez Estrada published Lealtades divididas. Camarillas y poder en México, 1913-1932 (Divided Loyalties. Camarillas and Power in Mexico).
A review in a Mexican history journal sums up his account of the camarillas: “son grupos pequeños unidos por relaciones densas, en los cuales hay un líder que desempeña el papel de mentor” (they are small groups bound by dense relationships, in which a leader plays the role of mentor).
“El intercambio de favores y recompensas entre líder y discípulos los transformó en fuertes lazos de lealtad” (The exchange of favors and rewards between leader and disciples turned them into strong bonds of loyalty).