A German business letter often shows, in front of the signature, how far the signer’s authority reaches. i. A., im Auftrag, means on instruction. The signer carries out a task but has no power of attorney. i. V., in Vertretung, means acting as a representative, with power of attorney. ppa., per procura, marks a Prokurist, who holds the broad commercial power of attorney of German law. The Commercial Code requires it: the Prokurist must sign with an addition that shows the Prokura.