Paul Ehrlich, Nobel laureate in medicine, searched systematically for a drug against syphilis. His team made hundreds of compounds and tested them one after another. His assistant Sahachiro Hata tested them methodically on infected mice. Compound number 606 worked. It was introduced in 1910 as Salvarsan. Ehrlich liked to say that success in research needs four Gs: Geld, Geduld, Geschick und Glück. Money, patience, skill and luck.