On 4 July 1954 West Germany beat Hungary 3–2 in the World Cup final in Bern, the Wunder von Bern, the miracle of Bern. Adolf Dassler, the founder of Adidas, had equipped the team with boots with screw-in studs. At half-time the studs were changed for the wet pitch, and the story became part of the legend. Dassler had filed for a utility model in November 1952. Others had come earlier. Ludwig Wacker of Zweibrücken received a patent for studs in 1925, and a master shoemaker in Bremen received one in 1949. Hannover 96 wore screw-in studs in the German championship final in May 1954. German Wikipedia adds about the World Cup final: Die tatsächliche Wirkung kann anhand fehlender Daten nicht zweifelsfrei geklärt werden. (The actual effect cannot be determined beyond doubt for lack of data.)