In Bavaria, the plans for a house that needs a building permit must be prepared by a design author who is bauvorlageberechtigt, entitled to submit building plans. This right belongs to people who may use the protected title of architect, and to engineers on an official list. Master craftsmen in bricklaying, concrete construction and carpentry, like some graduates and state-certified technicians, have a limited right. They may submit plans for small residential buildings with no more than three apartments. A homeowner without one of these qualifications cannot submit plans he has drawn himself, however good they are. Each German state sets its own rules, and the details differ.