In 1835, Alfred Krupp set up a voluntary fund for illness and death for his 67 workers. A compulsory sickness and death fund followed in 1853, and a company pension fund in 1855. From 1856, Krupp built housing and company shops for his workers and paid wages above the average. The aim was to increase the workers’ attachment and loyalty to the firm. Krupp presented the works as a community under the motto Treue gegen Treue, loyalty for loyalty. A true Kruppianer, as his workers were called, was expected to show only his best side in private life too. The general regulations of 1872 banned union and Social Democratic activity. When Alfred Krupp died, more than 20,000 people worked for the firm.