Heckling on the Record

Speaking without the floor happens even in the Bundestag. Members call out remarks during speeches. These Zwischenrufe, interjections, are part of the debate, and they are not lost. Auch Zwischenrufe und Bemerkungen sind dort festgehalten. Interjections and remarks are recorded in the official minutes too. The stenographers identify who called out, because the video does not always show it. In 2018, sixteen stenographers worked on a sitting day, each relieved by a colleague every five minutes.

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