“‘Need to share’ must replace ‘need to know.'” Lee Hamilton, vice chairman of the 9/11 Commission, said this in July 2004, shortly after the commission’s report came out.
In 2005 Hamilton told the Senate that before the attacks the FBI “could not overcome bureaucratic rivalries to share information with other parts of the intelligence community.” He called the divide between the CIA and the FBI “a serious shortcoming.”
President George W. Bush signed the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act in December 2004. Hamilton still warned that “institutional and cultural barriers to information sharing remain.”