In North Rhine-Westphalia, a city council’s committees can include sachkundige Bürgerinnen und Bürger, citizens knowledgeable in the matter. They are not elected members of the council, and they must be at least 16. The City of Cologne says they have a full vote in the committee. Their number must stay below the number of council members, and a committee has a quorum only if more council members than knowledgeable citizens are present. In Baden-Württemberg, the council may bring knowledgeable residents and experts into its deliberations on particular matters.